LL3: Direct & Indirect Influences on Families
Direct Influences #1:
Parents being firm but warm with children
Example: 3 year-old Alicia ask father for a piece of candy. Father says no, we've already have your favorite supper cooked. Here, let's eat it at the dinner table.
Direct Influence #2:
Parents being warm and gentle.
Example: Parent taking the time to talk to the child concerning consequences about behavior at school.
Direct Influence #3:
Parents discipline children both harshly and impatiently
Example:
2 year old remains in shopping cart while mother puts groceries on counter. Then turns around to take away apples from clear bag. "Stop it, boy! Didn't I tell you not to do that when we're at the store?!"
Direct Influence #4:
Parents increasing use of punishment
Example: Spanking children for every little thing they do (breaking glass, spill milk or juice, etc.).
Direct Influence #5:
Children's misbehavior stressful.
Example:
Being in the process of disciplining one while another child misbehaves.
Indirect Influences
Microsystem-the innermost level of the environment, consisting of activities and interaction patterns in the child's immediate surroundings.
Example: immediate family, neighborhood play area, child-care center or school.
Mesosystem-connections between children's microsystems, or immediate settings.
Example: child's academic progress and how a combination of both activities in school and parent involvement plays a part in it.
Exosystem-social settings that do not contain children but nevertheless affect children's experiences-for example, parents' workplaces, their religious institutions, health and welfare services in the community, and parents' social networks.
Example: extended family members, community health services, workplace, friends and neighbors.
Macrosystem-cultural values, laws, customs, and resources that influence experience and interactions at inner levels of the environment.
Example: laws, values, and customs
An ever-changing system-this is where children are able to be free to have their own settings and experiences.
Example: Children get older and be more mature as they not only select , but also modify and create a lot of their own settings and experiences.
